Linear Motor Specialist

Driven Without
Contact.

Axis Engineering designs, manufactures and validates Linear Induction Motors and Magnetic Braking Solutions — contactless thrust and braking for transit, launch and industrial systems. No gears. No friction drive. No contact wear.

0
Powertrain contact points
2×
Independent solver methods
SS / DS
Motor & brake topologies
PRIMARY · TRAVELLING FIELD → REACTION PLATE
Scroll
Engineered for
People movers & transit Coaster & launch systems Maglev propulsion Material handling
Who we are

A specialist house for linear motor design & manufacture.

The linear induction motor is a rotary motor "unrolled" — the stator becomes a straight primary, the rotor becomes a flat reaction plate, and rotation becomes travel. It sounds simple. Getting the electromagnetics, the end-effects and the thermal limits right is anything but.

Axis Engineering lives in that detail. Every design is sized with equivalent-circuit models, cross-checked against FEA, then run over the full route in simulation — so by the time we cut metal, the thrust, efficiency and temperature numbers are already proven.

  • Sized from first principlesAnalytical equivalent-circuit models, finite-element analysis and the end-effect and edge corrections that simple models miss — implemented and cross-checked in-house.
  • Whole-system thinkingFrom magnetic saturation and fin penetration to the duty-cycle plate temperature over a complete route profile.
  • Clear, documented resultsYou get the sized design, drive requirements and a transparent analysis report — every number traceable to a validated method.

Typical LIM design envelope

TopologiesSingle & double-sided
Synchronous speedvs = 2·τ·f m/s
Speed range0 – 100+ m/s
Continuous thrustSized to duty to multi-kN / primary
Reaction railAluminium/copper ± steel back-iron
Air gap2 – 40 mm mechanical
DriveVFD or direct-on-line
Thrust controlvia slip & frequency
The principle

How a linear induction motor works

Three-phase current in the primary winding sets up a magnetic field that travels along the motor instead of rotating. That moving field drags the conductive reaction plate along with it — directly producing linear thrust.

ALUMINIUM / COPPER REACTION PLATE + STEEL BACK-IRON induced eddy currents air gap g PRIMARY · 3-PHASE WINDING (A·B·C) Travelling magnetic field — vₛ = 2·τ·f pole pitch τ Thrust F ∝ slip · B² → peak
1

A field that travels

Balanced three-phase current in the primary winding produces a magnetic field that sweeps along the motor's length at the synchronous speed.

vs = 2 · τ · f
2

Currents are induced

The moving field cuts the aluminium or copper reaction plate and induces eddy currents in it — exactly as a transformer's secondary is energised, but spread along a line.

3

Thrust appears — no contact

Those induced currents react against the field to produce a direct linear force. The plate is pushed forward without ever touching the primary.

F ∝ slip · Bgap² up to its peak
4

Slip sets the force

The plate always runs slower than the field — that gap is the slip, and it's what generates the force. Command slip and frequency on the inverter and you set thrust directly; the speed simply follows, from a standstill launch to cruise.

Topologies

Two ways to build the thrust

Every application has a different answer to the trade between thrust density, normal force, efficiency and rail cost. We design and optimise both.

PRIMARY PRIMARY normal pull SSLIM DSLIM Start with one rectangular primary. Face it with a steel-backed Al/Cu plate — single-sided (SSLIM). The steel pulls the core in. Mirror a second primary across a bare plate — double-sided (DSLIM). The pair bolts into one frame — magnetic pull reacted by the frame, not the vehicle.
SSLIM SIDE VIEW PRIMARY · TRAVELLING FIELD → thrust on vehicle A three-phase primary sets up a magnetic field that travels along the track. The travelling field drags the vehicle's reaction plate — launching it forward.
PLAN VIEW DSLIM TWO PRIMARIES · TRAVELLING FIELDS → thrust on vehicle From above: the reaction plate (dotted) runs between two primaries. Both travelling fields drag it the same way — high thrust, side-pull cancelled.
SSLIM
back-iron Al/Cu plate primary

Single-sided

One primary · steel-backed rail

In a single-sided linear induction motor (SSLIM), one primary acts against an aluminium or copper plate over a steel return path. The simplest, most economical track — the workhorse of transit.

  • Lowest reaction-rail cost
  • Significant normal attraction to the steel backing
  • Ideal for long guideways
DSLIM
primary Al/Cu plate primary

Double-sided

Two primaries · plate only

In a double-sided linear induction motor (DSLIM), two primaries drive a bare aluminium or copper fin from both sides. Track width is usually what limits how much motor you can fit — and working the fin from both sides gives roughly twice the thrust of a single-sided motor in the same track width. The attraction on each side cancels in the frame, so the vehicle never carries the normal force.

  • ≈2× the thrust of single-sided in the same track width
  • Normal pull cancels in the frame — the vehicle never feels it
  • Bare aluminium or copper fin, no back-iron
Configuration

Where the primary lives

The same motor can be deployed two ways — and the choice flips the cost between the motor and the track.

ON-BOARD
reaction rail — full route

Vehicle-mounted

Short primary · on the vehicle

One primary set rides on each vehicle; the reaction rail runs the length of the guideway. The fewest motors to build — you pay instead for continuous rail.

LIM (primary) costLowest
Reaction-rail costHighest
Best for long transit routes & people movers
WAYSIDE
primary winding — full route

Track-mounted

Long primary · along the track

The primary winding is built into the track; the vehicle carries only a short reaction plate. The vehicle stays light and passive — but you wind the whole active length.

LIM (primary) costHighest
Reaction-rail costLowest
Best for launches, maglev & short high-thrust zones
Product · braking

Permanent-magnet brakes

It's the LIM's principle turned passive. Replace the powered winding with a fixed permanent-magnet field and let the relative motion between vehicle and track do the work — the magnets induce eddy currents in a conductive plate, and those currents oppose the motion. The result is a smooth, contactless retarding force with no power, no hydraulics, no contact and no friction pads to wear or fade — and the faster the vehicle travels, the harder it brakes, right up to its design speed.

SS · TRACK PERMANENT-MAGNET BRAKE · FIXED TO TRACK braking force on vehicle The vehicle reaches the fixed magnet brake at speed. Its fin cuts the field — eddy currents brake the vehicle, with no contact.
SS · VEHICLE CONDUCTIVE REACTION PLATES · FIXED TO TRACK braking force on vehicle Now the magnets ride on the vehicle, sweeping conductive fins set along the track. The moving magnets induce eddy currents in the fins — braking the vehicle, no contact.
SS · TRACK
fin magnets

Single-sided · track

Magnets fixed to the track

A magnet array sits on the track; the vehicle's conductive fin sweeps through its field. The classic stop-section and coaster fin brake.

SS · VEHICLE
magnets rail

Single-sided · vehicle

Magnets carried on the vehicle

The magnet array rides on the vehicle and a conductive reaction rail runs the route — so braking is available anywhere along the track.

DS
magnets fin magnets

Double-sided

Fin between two arrays

Two magnet arrays grip a conductive fin between them — the strongest, most balanced braking, with the magnet pulls reacted in the caliper frame.

Passive — no power or hydraulics
Contactless — no pads to wear or fade
Still brakes on power loss
Smooth & speed-responsive
Where they run

From the platform edge to the launch track

Wherever motion has to be precise, repeatable and unbothered by weather or grip, a linear motor earns its place.

Automated transit & people movers

Driverless metros and airport shuttles that climb steep grades and brake in the wet — because thrust never depends on wheel grip.

Coaster & sled launch

0-to-launch in seconds. Linear motors fling coaster trains and test sleds with smooth, programmable acceleration that hits the same launch speed every cycle.

Maglev & high-speed propulsion

When the vehicle leaves the rail entirely, the linear motor is the only thing left to push it — quiet, contactless propulsion at speed.

Material handling & conveyance

Baggage, pallets and parcels moved by the track itself — independent carriers, no chains or belts to wear, sorted at electronic speed.

Have a duty cycle in mind?

Tell us the speed, payload, gap and supply — we'll tell you which topology fits and whether a linear motor is the right call for it.

Start a project
What we do

Engineering capability, end to end

We take a linear motor from a line on a requirements sheet to a validated, manufactured machine — with the analysis to back every number. We work from early feasibility studies through to delivered single motors and small batches.

Electromagnetic design

Air-gap flux density, winding factors, equivalent-circuit impedances and thrust–speed curves — the core sizing of the machine, done rigorously.

Multi-model validation

Independent equivalent-circuit models cross-checked against finite-element analysis (FEA) — so a result is never trusted on one method alone.

Full route simulation

We time-step a vehicle along your real profile — grades, curves, station stops — to predict thrust, energy draw and acceleration at every point of the journey.

Thermal modelling

Reaction-plate and winding temperature over a full duty cycle, including fin-enhanced cooling — so the design survives the worst-case run, not just the brochure point.

End-effect & edge corrections

Longitudinal entry/exit end-effects and transverse edge effects are where simple models fail. We correct for both — and, just as important, we know exactly where each correction stops being valid.

Parameter sweeps & optimisation

Family-of-curves studies across pole count, slot fill, frequency and gap — finding the design that meets thrust and temperature with margin to spare.

Feasibility & concept studies

Early trade studies that tell you whether a linear motor fits your duty, envelope and budget — and which topology to back — before detailed design begins.

Drive & supply sizing

Inverter or direct-on-line rating, line current, kVA and energy-per-cycle sizing tied directly to the duty cycle — the electrical system specified alongside the motor, not after it.

Manufacture & supply

We build what we design — motors manufactured to the approved drawings and supplied ready to install, so the electromagnetic intent survives into the hardware.

Why linear

What you gain by losing the contact

Take the gearbox, the friction drive and the adhesion limit out of the system, and a lot of hard problems simply disappear.

No drive wear, low maintenance

Nothing in the drive touches. No gears, brushes or friction wheels to grind down and replace.

Grip-independent thrust

Force is set electromagnetically, so steep grades, rain and ice can't make the drive slip.

Fast, simple control

Thrust responds as fast as the inverter — smooth, repeatable launches, with no feedback loop to tune for most duties. Where an application needs tighter speed control, the loop can be closed.

Quiet & clean

No mechanical powertrain means far less noise and vibration — and nothing to lubricate or shed.

2
Cross-checked solver methods
0
Powertrain contact points
100%
Of the route simulated
How we work

From requirement to validated design

01

Define

We pin down the duty: speed profile, payload, gap, supply and the environment it has to survive.

02

Model

The machine is sized with our equivalent-circuit models and FEA, then swept for the best topology, pole count and geometry.

03

Validate

Full route and thermal simulation confirms it holds up over the worst-case journey, with margin checked.

04

Build & deliver

We manufacture the motor to the signed-off design and supply it with its drive requirements and a clear analysis report.

The team

The engineers behind every motor.

Axis pairs first-principles electrical design with hands-on manufacturing experience — the people who design your motor are the people who build it.

Richard West-Haig
Managing Director

Leads Axis with the conviction that linear machines deserve the same rigour as any precision drive. Designs the motors, builds the in-house tools and validates every result.

CEng MIET 10+ years Published research
Harry Kenyon
Operations Director

A time-served production manager with over a decade running manufacturing companies. A welding coordinator with a hands-on approach, Harry makes sure every design is built right and delivered on time.

Welding coordinator 10+ years in manufacturing Hands-on
Thomas Jacques
Lead Mechanical Engineer

Thomas has worked across an unusually broad range of industries — from power generation to clean energy — delivering a wide scope of demanding mechanical projects in each. He brings that hard-won, cross-sector depth to the mechanical design and integration of every Axis system.

5+ years Power gen → clean energy Broad project scope
Start a project

Have a linear motor or braking problem worth solving?

Whether you're scoping a new guideway, launching a ride, fitting a contactless brake, or replacing a worn-out mechanical drive — tell us the duty and we'll tell you what's possible.